Menstruation, commonly known as a period, is a natural physiological process that occurs in individuals with female reproductive systems. It involves the shedding of the uterine lining, which happens approximately once a month in response to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle.
The menstrual cycle typically lasts around 28 days, but it can vary from person to person, and it is counted from the first day of one period to the first day of the next. During the menstrual cycle, hormonal changes cause the ovaries to release an egg (ovulation) and prepare the uterus for potential pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur, the uterine lining is no longer needed and is shed through the vagina, resulting in menstrual bleeding.
Menstrual bleeding usually lasts for about 3 to 7 days, but again, this can vary. The amount of blood lost during a period can also vary, but the average is around 30-40 milliliters (about 2 to 3 tablespoons) over the course of the entire period.
Menstruation typically starts during puberty, around the age of 12 to 14, and continues until menopause, which usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 55. During menopause, menstruation ceases, and the individual can no longer become pregnant.
Menstruation is a normal and healthy process, but it can be accompanied by physical and emotional symptoms for some individuals, such as cramps, bloating, mood swings, and breast tenderness. These symptoms can vary in intensity and duration from person to person. If someone experiences severe or debilitating symptoms during their period, they should consider seeking advice from a healthcare professional.
